While his brother Raymond and others like Umberto Boccioni were making bronze sculptures that emulated movement, Duchamp made the perfect kinetic Futurist sculpture. 2, because it didn’t try to replicate movement, it moved. The work is, in one sense, the natural heir to the Nude Descending a Staircase, No. “In 1913, I had the happy idea to fasten a bicycle wheel to a kitchen stool and watch it turn” he explained in his lecture Apropos of Readymades at MoMA on October 19, 1961. His first readymade (or assisted readymade because he put two existing objects together) was his Bicycle Wheel, a mass-produced stool with a bicycle wheel attached to its fork so the wheel could spin effortlessly. In The Magpie, Monet found all the colour in a snowy day And of course, as a young provocateur, he also wanted to get back at those that had criticised him, so he couldn’t resist being a bit cheeky. In his Paris studio, Duchamp began to create work with a conceptual base and an intellectual complexity that challenged previous notions about both art and art making. He also turned his attention to the role of the artist in the new world of rampant capitalism on the brink of global war. Those critical and personal attacks energised Duchamp, who gave up painting and began to explore what art might become in the era post “retinal art” - ie those artworks designed to appeal to the eye. He eagerly experimented with Impressionism, Fauvism, and Cubism but it wasn’t until the furore created by his work in the Armory Show that he was thrust centre stage into debates about the future of art. In the previous decade, he had arrived in Paris and was introduced by his brothers Jacque Villon and Raymond Duchamp-Villon to the most experimental artists of the time. The exhibition opened on March 15, and his work was the talk of the town, parodied by all, including Julian Street, the art critic with The New York Times, who described it as “an explosion in a shingle factory.”ĭuchamp was 25 years old. In 1913, the debonair young artist Marcel Duchamp was riding a wave of outrage and incomprehension following the inclusion of his painting Nude Descending a Staircase, No.
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